diff --git a/Makefile.am b/Makefile.am
index 7987881..431fe9a 100644
--- a/Makefile.am
+++ b/Makefile.am
@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ check-gash:
 	SHELL=gash $(top_builddir)/pre-inst-env $(top_builddir)/check.sh
 
 UNIT_TESTS =                                    \
+  tests/unit/eval.scm                           \
   tests/unit/lexer.scm                          \
   tests/unit/parser.scm                         \
   tests/unit/pattern.scm                        \
diff --git a/gash/eval.scm b/gash/eval.scm
index 61b1ccc..576e6cc 100644
--- a/gash/eval.scm
+++ b/gash/eval.scm
@@ -20,12 +20,14 @@
 (define-module (gash eval)
   #:use-module (gash compat)
   #:use-module (gash environment)
+  #:use-module (gash pattern)
   #:use-module (gash shell)
   #:use-module (gash word)
   #:use-module (ice-9 match)
   #:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
   #:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
-  #:export (eval-sh))
+  #:export (eval-word
+            eval-sh))
 
 ;;; Commentary:
 ;;;
@@ -33,6 +35,86 @@
 ;;;
 ;;; Code:
 
+(define eval-cmd-sub
+  (make-parameter (lambda (exps) (throw 'eval-cmd-sub-unset))))
+
+(define (string-not-null? str)
+  "Check if @var{str} is a non-null string."
+  (and (string? str) (not (string-null? str))))
+
+(define (word->qword word)
+  "Convert @var{word} into a qword by resolving all parameter, command,
+and arithmetic substitions."
+  (match word
+    ((? string?)
+     word)
+    (('<sh-quote> quoted-word)
+     `(<sh-quote> ,(word->qword quoted-word)))
+    (('<sh-cmd-sub> . exps)
+     ((eval-cmd-sub) exps))
+    (('<sh-ref> name)
+     (parameter-ref name ""))
+    (('<sh-ref-or> name default)
+     (or (parameter-ref name)
+         (word->qword (or default ""))))
+    (('<sh-ref-or*> name default)
+     (let ((value (parameter-ref name)))
+       (if (string-not-null? value)
+           value
+           (word->qword (or default "")))))
+    (('<sh-ref-or!> name default)
+     (or (parameter-ref name)
+         (let ((new-value (expand-word (or default "")
+                                       #:output 'string #:rhs-tildes? #t)))
+           (setvar! name new-value)
+           new-value)))
+    (('<sh-ref-or!*> name default)
+     (let ((value (parameter-ref name)))
+       (if (string-not-null? value)
+           value
+           (let ((new-value (expand-word (or default "")
+                                         #:output 'string #:rhs-tildes? #t)))
+             (setvar! name new-value)
+             new-value))))
+    (('<sh-ref-assert> name message)
+     (or (parameter-ref name)
+         (let ((message* (expand-word message #:output 'string)))
+           (throw 'shell-error (format #f "~a: ~a" name message*)))))
+    (('<sh-ref-assert*> name message)
+     (let ((value (parameter-ref name)))
+       (if (string-not-null? value)
+           value
+           (let ((message* (expand-word message #:output 'string)))
+             (throw 'shell-error (format #f "~a: ~a" name message*))))))
+    (('<sh-ref-and> name value)
+     (or (and (parameter-ref name)
+              (word->qword (or value "")))
+         ""))
+    (('<sh-ref-and*> name value)
+     (if (string-not-null? (parameter-ref name))
+         (word->qword (or value ""))
+         ""))
+    (('<sh-ref-except-min> name pattern-word)
+     (let ((pattern (expand-word pattern-word #:output 'pattern)))
+       (pattern-drop-right pattern (parameter-ref name ""))))
+    (('<sh-ref-except-max> name pattern-word)
+     (let ((pattern (expand-word pattern-word #:output 'pattern)))
+       (pattern-drop-right pattern (parameter-ref name "") #:greedy? #t)))
+    (('<sh-ref-skip-min> name pattern-word)
+     (let ((pattern (expand-word pattern-word #:output 'pattern)))
+       (pattern-drop pattern (parameter-ref name ""))))
+    (('<sh-ref-skip-max> name pattern-word)
+     (let ((pattern (expand-word pattern-word #:output 'pattern)))
+       (pattern-drop pattern (parameter-ref name "") #:greedy? #t)))
+    (('<sh-ref-length> name)
+     (number->string (string-length (parameter-ref name ""))))
+    (_ (map word->qword word))))
+
+(define* (expand-word word #:key (output 'fields) (rhs-tildes? #f))
+  "Expand @var{word} into a list of fields."
+  (let ((qword (word->qword word)))
+    (expand-qword qword #:output output #:rhs-tildes? rhs-tildes?)))
+
 (define* (eval-word word #:key (output 'fields) (rhs-tildes? #f)
                     (on-command-substitution noop))
   (parameterize ((eval-cmd-sub (lambda (exps)
diff --git a/gash/word.scm b/gash/word.scm
index 2bac8d5..3dbe9fc 100644
--- a/gash/word.scm
+++ b/gash/word.scm
@@ -23,9 +23,8 @@
   #:use-module (ice-9 match)
   #:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
   #:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
-  #:export (eval-cmd-sub
-            expand-qword
-            expand-word))
+  #:export (parameter-ref
+            expand-qword))
 
 ;;; Commentary:
 ;;;
@@ -237,15 +236,6 @@ faltten them."
               (() `(,(remove-quotes qword ifs)))
               (matches matches))))))
 
-(define eval-cmd-sub
-  ;; A procedure for evaluating (expanding) a command substitution.
-  ;; This is parameterized to avoid a circular dependency.
-  (make-parameter (lambda (exps) (throw 'eval-cmd-sub-unset))))
-
-(define (string-not-null? str)
-  "Check if @var{str} is a non-null string."
-  (and (string? str) (not (string-null? str))))
-
 (define* (parameter-ref name #:optional dflt)
   "Get the value of the variable or special parameter @var{name} from
 the environment.  If @var{name} is unset, return @var{dflt} if
@@ -269,74 +259,6 @@ provided or @code{#f} if not."
              (list-ref (program-arguments) n)
              (getvar name dflt))))))
 
-(define (word->qword word)
-  "Convert @var{word} into a qword by resolving all parameter, command,
-and arithmetic substitions."
-  (match word
-    ((? string?)
-     word)
-    (('<sh-quote> quoted-word)
-     `(<sh-quote> ,(word->qword quoted-word)))
-    (('<sh-cmd-sub> . exps)
-     ((eval-cmd-sub) exps))
-    (('<sh-ref> name)
-     (parameter-ref name ""))
-    (('<sh-ref-or> name default)
-     (or (parameter-ref name)
-         (word->qword (or default ""))))
-    (('<sh-ref-or*> name default)
-     (let ((value (parameter-ref name)))
-       (if (string-not-null? value)
-           value
-           (word->qword (or default "")))))
-    (('<sh-ref-or!> name default)
-     (or (parameter-ref name)
-         (let ((new-value (expand-word (or default "")
-                                       #:output 'string #:rhs-tildes? #t)))
-           (setvar! name new-value)
-           new-value)))
-    (('<sh-ref-or!*> name default)
-     (let ((value (parameter-ref name)))
-       (if (string-not-null? value)
-           value
-           (let ((new-value (expand-word (or default "")
-                                         #:output 'string #:rhs-tildes? #t)))
-             (setvar! name new-value)
-             new-value))))
-    (('<sh-ref-assert> name message)
-     (or (parameter-ref name)
-         (let ((message* (expand-word message #:output 'string)))
-           (throw 'shell-error (format #f "~a: ~a" name message*)))))
-    (('<sh-ref-assert*> name message)
-     (let ((value (parameter-ref name)))
-       (if (string-not-null? value)
-           value
-           (let ((message* (expand-word message #:output 'string)))
-             (throw 'shell-error (format #f "~a: ~a" name message*))))))
-    (('<sh-ref-and> name value)
-     (or (and (parameter-ref name)
-              (word->qword (or value "")))
-         ""))
-    (('<sh-ref-and*> name value)
-     (if (string-not-null? (parameter-ref name))
-         (word->qword (or value ""))
-         ""))
-    (('<sh-ref-except-min> name pattern-word)
-     (let ((pattern (expand-word pattern-word #:output 'pattern)))
-       (pattern-drop-right pattern (parameter-ref name ""))))
-    (('<sh-ref-except-max> name pattern-word)
-     (let ((pattern (expand-word pattern-word #:output 'pattern)))
-       (pattern-drop-right pattern (parameter-ref name "") #:greedy? #t)))
-    (('<sh-ref-skip-min> name pattern-word)
-     (let ((pattern (expand-word pattern-word #:output 'pattern)))
-       (pattern-drop pattern (parameter-ref name ""))))
-    (('<sh-ref-skip-max> name pattern-word)
-     (let ((pattern (expand-word pattern-word #:output 'pattern)))
-       (pattern-drop pattern (parameter-ref name "") #:greedy? #t)))
-    (('<sh-ref-length> name)
-     (number->string (string-length (parameter-ref name ""))))
-    (_ (map word->qword word))))
-
 (define* (expand-qword qword #:key (output 'fields) (rhs-tildes? #f))
   "Expand @var{qword} into a list of fields."
   (let ((ifs (getvar "IFS" (string #\space #\tab #\newline)))
@@ -349,8 +271,3 @@ and arithmetic substitions."
                         (split-fields qword ifs))))
       ('string (remove-quotes qword ifs))
       ('pattern (qword->pattern qword ifs)))))
-
-(define* (expand-word word #:key (output 'fields) (rhs-tildes? #f))
-  "Expand @var{word} into a list of fields."
-  (let ((qword (word->qword word)))
-    (expand-qword qword #:output output #:rhs-tildes? rhs-tildes?)))
diff --git a/tests/unit/eval.scm b/tests/unit/eval.scm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..877d466
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/eval.scm
@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+;;; Gash -- Guile As SHell
+;;; Copyright © 2018, 2019, 2021 Timothy Sample <samplet@ngyro.com>
+;;;
+;;; This file is part of Gash.
+;;;
+;;; Gash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+;;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+;;; (at your option) any later version.
+;;;
+;;; Gash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+;;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
+;;;
+;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;;; along with Gash.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+(define-module (test-eval)
+  #:use-module (gash environment)
+  #:use-module (gash eval)
+  #:use-module (srfi srfi-64)
+  #:use-module (tests unit automake))
+
+;;; Commentary:
+;;;
+;;; Tests for the eval module.
+;;;
+;;; Code:
+
+(test-begin "eval")
+
+
+;;; Basic parameter references.
+;;;
+;;; FIXME: Test "nounset" ("set -u").
+
+(test-equal "Resolves parameters"
+  '("foo")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref> "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Splits parameter results"
+  '("foo" "bar")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo bar"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref> "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Resolves quoted parameters"
+  '("foo")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-ref> "x"))))))
+
+(test-equal "Ignores spaces in quoted parameters"
+  '("foo bar")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo bar"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-ref> "x"))))))
+
+(test-equal "Treats empty variables as nothing"
+  '()
+  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref> "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Treats unset variables as nothing"
+  '()
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref> "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Preserves empty variables when quoted"
+  '("")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-ref> "x"))))))
+
+(test-equal "Preserves unset variables when quoted"
+  '("")
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-ref> "x"))))))
+
+
+;;; Parameter operations.
+
+;;; or
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or' when parameter is set"
+  '("foo")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or' when parameter is set and empty"
+  '()
+  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or' when parameter is unset"
+  '("bar")
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or' fall-through without default"
+  '()
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or> "x" #f)))))
+
+;;; or*
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or*' when parameter is set"
+  '("foo")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or*> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or*' when parameter is set and empty"
+  '("bar")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or*> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or*' when parameter is unset"
+  '("bar")
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or*> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or*' fall-through without default"
+  '()
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or*> "x" #f)))))
+
+;;; or!
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or!' when parameter is set"
+  '(("foo") "foo")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (list (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or!> "x" "bar"))
+            (getvar "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or!' when parameter is set and empty"
+  '(() "")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
+    (lambda ()
+      (list (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or!> "x" "bar"))
+            (getvar "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or!' when parameter is unset"
+  '(("bar") "bar")
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (list (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or!> "x" "bar"))
+            (getvar "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or!' fall-through without default"
+  '(() "")
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (list (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or!> "x" #f))
+            (getvar "x")))))
+
+;;; or!*
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or!*' when parameter is set"
+  '(("foo") "foo")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (list (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or!*> "x" "bar"))
+            (getvar "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or!*' when parameter is set and empty"
+  '(("bar") "bar")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
+    (lambda ()
+      (list (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or!*> "x" "bar"))
+            (getvar "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or!*' when parameter is unset"
+  '(("bar") "bar")
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (list (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or!*> "x" "bar"))
+            (getvar "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'or!*' fall-through without default"
+  '(() "")
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (list (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or!*> "x" #f))
+            (getvar "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Does not split fields on assignment"
+  '(("foo" "bar") "foo bar")
+  (with-variables '(("y" . "foo bar"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (list (eval-word '(<sh-ref-or!*> "x" (<sh-ref> "y")))
+            (getvar "x")))))
+
+;;; FIXME: Test 'assert'.
+
+;;; and
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'and' when parameter is set"
+  '("bar")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-and> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'and' when parameter is set and empty"
+  '("bar")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-and> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'and' when parameter is unset"
+  '()
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-and> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'and' fall-through without default"
+  '()
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-and> "x" #f)))))
+
+;;; and*
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'and*' when parameter is set"
+  '("bar")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-and*> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'and*' when parameter is set and empty"
+  '()
+  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-and*> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'and*' when parameter is unset"
+  '()
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-and*> "x" "bar")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'and*' fall-through without default"
+  '()
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-and*> "x" #f)))))
+
+;;; length
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'length' when parameter is set"
+  '("3")
+  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-length> "x")))))
+
+(test-equal "Handles 'length' when parameter is unset"
+  '("0")
+  (with-variables '()
+    (lambda ()
+      (eval-word '(<sh-ref-length> "x")))))
+
+
+;;; Command substition.
+
+(test-equal "Resolves commands"
+  '("foo")
+  (eval-word '(<sh-cmd-sub> (<sh-exec> "echo" "foo"))))
+
+(test-equal "Splits command results"
+  '("foo" "bar")
+  (eval-word '(<sh-cmd-sub> (<sh-exec> "echo" "foo bar"))))
+
+(test-equal "Resolves quoted commands"
+  '("foo")
+  (eval-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-cmd-sub> (<sh-exec> "echo" "foo")))))
+
+(test-equal "Ignores spaces in quoted commands"
+  '("foo bar")
+  (eval-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-cmd-sub> (<sh-exec> "echo" "foo bar")))))
+
+
+;;; Arithmetic expansion.
+;;;
+;;; Not yet implemented.
+
+(test-end "eval")
diff --git a/tests/unit/word.scm b/tests/unit/word.scm
index 4e9dd84..8e6e4b4 100644
--- a/tests/unit/word.scm
+++ b/tests/unit/word.scm
@@ -113,351 +113,80 @@ variable @var{PWD} will be restored when leaving the extent of
 
 (test-equal "Converts a simple word (string) to a single field"
   '("foo")
-  (expand-word "foo"))
+  (expand-qword "foo"))
 
 (test-equal "Converts a simple word (list) to a single field"
   '("foo")
-  (expand-word '("foo")))
+  (expand-qword '("foo")))
 
 (test-equal "Concatenates contiguous parts into a single field"
   '("foobar")
-  (expand-word '("foo" "bar")))
+  (expand-qword '("foo" "bar")))
 
 (test-equal "Splits a word along unquoted spaces"
   '("foo" "bar")
-  (expand-word '("foo bar")))
+  (expand-qword '("foo bar")))
 
 (test-equal "Splits a word on leading space"
   '("foo" "bar")
-  (expand-word '("foo" " bar")))
+  (expand-qword '("foo" " bar")))
 
 (test-equal "Splits a word on trailing space"
   '("foo" "bar")
-  (expand-word '("foo " "bar")))
+  (expand-qword '("foo " "bar")))
 
 (test-equal "Ignores leading spaces"
   '("foo")
-  (expand-word '(" foo")))
+  (expand-qword '(" foo")))
 
 (test-equal "Ignores trailing spaces"
   '("foo")
-  (expand-word '("foo ")))
+  (expand-qword '("foo ")))
 
 (test-equal "Treats multiple spaces as a single space"
   '("foo" "bar")
-  (expand-word '("foo  bar")))
+  (expand-qword '("foo  bar")))
 
 (test-equal "Handles multiple joins and splits"
   '("hi_how" "are_you")
-  (expand-word '("hi_" "how are" "_you")))
+  (expand-qword '("hi_" "how are" "_you")))
 
 (test-equal "Handles nested lists"
   '("foo")
-  (expand-word '("f" ("oo"))))
+  (expand-qword '("f" ("oo"))))
 
 (test-equal "Handles nested lists for string output"
   "foo"
-  (expand-word '("f" ("oo")) #:output 'string))
+  (expand-qword '("f" ("oo")) #:output 'string))
 
 
 ;;; Quotes.
 
 (test-equal "Ignores spaces in quotes"
   '("foo bar")
-  (expand-word '(<sh-quote> "foo bar")))
+  (expand-qword '(<sh-quote> "foo bar")))
 
 (test-equal "Concatenates strings and quotes"
   '("foo bar")
-  (expand-word '("foo" (<sh-quote> " bar"))))
+  (expand-qword '("foo" (<sh-quote> " bar"))))
 
 (test-equal "Concatenates quotes"
   '("foo bar")
-  (expand-word '((<sh-quote> "foo") (<sh-quote> " bar"))))
+  (expand-qword '((<sh-quote> "foo") (<sh-quote> " bar"))))
 
 (test-equal "Handles nested quotes"
   '("foo bar")
-  (expand-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-quote> "foo bar"))))
+  (expand-qword '(<sh-quote> (<sh-quote> "foo bar"))))
 
 (test-equal "Splits and concatenates words and quotes"
   '("foo" "bar")
-  (expand-word '((<sh-quote> "foo") " " (<sh-quote> "bar"))))
+  (expand-qword '((<sh-quote> "foo") " " (<sh-quote> "bar"))))
 
 
 ;;; Tildes.
 ;;;
 ;;; Not yet implemented.
 
-
-;;; Basic parameter references.
-;;;
-;;; FIXME: Test "nounset" ("set -u").
-
-(test-equal "Resolves parameters"
-  '("foo")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref> "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Splits parameter results"
-  '("foo" "bar")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo bar"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref> "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Resolves quoted parameters"
-  '("foo")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-ref> "x"))))))
-
-(test-equal "Ignores spaces in quoted parameters"
-  '("foo bar")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo bar"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-ref> "x"))))))
-
-(test-equal "Treats empty variables as nothing"
-  '()
-  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref> "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Treats unset variables as nothing"
-  '()
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref> "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Preserves empty variables when quoted"
-  '("")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-ref> "x"))))))
-
-(test-equal "Preserves unset variables when quoted"
-  '("")
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-ref> "x"))))))
-
-
-;;; Parameter operations.
-
-;;; or
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or' when parameter is set"
-  '("foo")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or' when parameter is set and empty"
-  '()
-  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or' when parameter is unset"
-  '("bar")
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or' fall-through without default"
-  '()
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or> "x" #f)))))
-
-;;; or*
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or*' when parameter is set"
-  '("foo")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or*> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or*' when parameter is set and empty"
-  '("bar")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or*> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or*' when parameter is unset"
-  '("bar")
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or*> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or*' fall-through without default"
-  '()
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or*> "x" #f)))))
-
-;;; or!
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or!' when parameter is set"
-  '(("foo") "foo")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (list (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or!> "x" "bar"))
-            (getvar "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or!' when parameter is set and empty"
-  '(() "")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
-    (lambda ()
-      (list (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or!> "x" "bar"))
-            (getvar "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or!' when parameter is unset"
-  '(("bar") "bar")
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (list (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or!> "x" "bar"))
-            (getvar "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or!' fall-through without default"
-  '(() "")
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (list (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or!> "x" #f))
-            (getvar "x")))))
-
-;;; or!*
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or!*' when parameter is set"
-  '(("foo") "foo")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (list (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or!*> "x" "bar"))
-            (getvar "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or!*' when parameter is set and empty"
-  '(("bar") "bar")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
-    (lambda ()
-      (list (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or!*> "x" "bar"))
-            (getvar "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or!*' when parameter is unset"
-  '(("bar") "bar")
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (list (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or!*> "x" "bar"))
-            (getvar "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'or!*' fall-through without default"
-  '(() "")
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (list (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or!*> "x" #f))
-            (getvar "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Does not split fields on assignment"
-  '(("foo" "bar") "foo bar")
-  (with-variables '(("y" . "foo bar"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (list (expand-word '(<sh-ref-or!*> "x" (<sh-ref> "y")))
-            (getvar "x")))))
-
-;;; FIXME: Test 'assert'.
-
-;;; and
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'and' when parameter is set"
-  '("bar")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-and> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'and' when parameter is set and empty"
-  '("bar")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-and> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'and' when parameter is unset"
-  '()
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-and> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'and' fall-through without default"
-  '()
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-and> "x" #f)))))
-
-;;; and*
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'and*' when parameter is set"
-  '("bar")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-and*> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'and*' when parameter is set and empty"
-  '()
-  (with-variables '(("x" . ""))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-and*> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'and*' when parameter is unset"
-  '()
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-and*> "x" "bar")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'and*' fall-through without default"
-  '()
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-and*> "x" #f)))))
-
-;;; length
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'length' when parameter is set"
-  '("3")
-  (with-variables '(("x" . "foo"))
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-length> "x")))))
-
-(test-equal "Handles 'length' when parameter is unset"
-  '("0")
-  (with-variables '()
-    (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '(<sh-ref-length> "x")))))
-
-
-;;; Command substition.
-
-(test-equal "Resolves commands"
-  '("foo")
-  (parameterize ((eval-cmd-sub identity))
-    (expand-word '(<sh-cmd-sub> "foo"))))
-
-(test-equal "Splits command results"
-  '("foo" "bar")
-  (parameterize ((eval-cmd-sub identity))
-    (expand-word '(<sh-cmd-sub> "foo bar"))))
-
-(test-equal "Resolves quoted commands"
-  '("foo")
-  (parameterize ((eval-cmd-sub identity))
-    (expand-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-cmd-sub> "foo")))))
-
-(test-equal "Ignores spaces in quoted commands"
-  '("foo bar")
-  (parameterize ((eval-cmd-sub identity))
-    (expand-word '(<sh-quote> (<sh-cmd-sub> "foo bar")))))
-
-
-;;; Arithmetic expansion.
-;;;
-;;; Not yet implemented.
-
 
 ;;; Pathname expansion.
 
@@ -465,86 +194,86 @@ variable @var{PWD} will be restored when leaving the extent of
   '("a" "b" "c")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "a" "b" "c"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/foo")
-    (expand-word "*")))
+    (expand-qword "*")))
 
 (test-equal "Sorts expanded pathnames"
   '("a" "b" "c")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "c" "b" "a"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/foo")
-    (expand-word "*")))
+    (expand-qword "*")))
 
 (test-equal "Expands absolute pathnamess"
   '("/foo/a" "/foo/b")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "a" "b"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/")
-    (expand-word "/foo/*")))
+    (expand-qword "/foo/*")))
 
 (test-equal "Paths with trailing slashes get expanded"
   '("foo/")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "bar") "baz")
     (setvar! "PWD" "/")
-    (expand-word "*/")))
+    (expand-qword "*/")))
 
 (test-equal "Expands patterns in the middle of a path"
   '("/bar/a" "/foo/a")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("bar" "a") ("foo" "a"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/")
-    (expand-word "/*/a")))
+    (expand-qword "/*/a")))
 
 (test-equal "Does not expand quoted patterns"
   '("*")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "a" "b" "c"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/foo")
-    (expand-word '(<sh-quote> "*"))))
+    (expand-qword '(<sh-quote> "*"))))
 
 (test-equal "Pathname expansion works when slashes are quoted"
   '("foo/bar")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "bar"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/")
-    (expand-word '("foo" (<sh-quote> "/") "*"))))
+    (expand-qword '("foo" (<sh-quote> "/") "*"))))
 
 (test-equal "Pathname expansion works when slashes are patterns"
   '("f[o/b]r")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("f[o" "b]r"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/")
-    (expand-word "f[o/b]*")))
+    (expand-qword "f[o/b]*")))
 
 (test-equal "Pathname expansion works when slashes are broken patterns"
   '("f[o/bar")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("f[o" "bar"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/")
-    (expand-word "f[o/*")))
+    (expand-qword "f[o/*")))
 
 (test-equal "Does not implicitly match dotted files"
   '("baz")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" ".bar" "baz"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/foo")
-    (expand-word "*")))
+    (expand-qword "*")))
 
 (test-equal "Explicitly matches dotted files"
   '("." ".." ".bar")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" ".bar" "baz"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/foo")
-    (expand-word ".*")))
+    (expand-qword ".*")))
 
 ;; This is left unspecified in POSIX, so we follow Bash.
 (test-equal "Bracked dots are not explicit enough"
   '("[.]*")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" ".bar" "baz"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/foo")
-    (expand-word "[.]*")))
+    (expand-qword "[.]*")))
 
 (test-equal "Paths with duplicate slashes get expanded"
   '("foo///bar")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "bar"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/")
-    (expand-word "foo///*")))
+    (expand-qword "foo///*")))
 
 (test-equal "Absolute paths with duplicate slashes get expanded"
   '("///foo/bar")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "bar"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/")
-    (expand-word "///foo/*")))
+    (expand-qword "///foo/*")))
 
 ;; Bash does not preserve the duplicate slashes, but Dash does, and it
 ;; seems like the more consistent thing to do.
@@ -552,25 +281,25 @@ variable @var{PWD} will be restored when leaving the extent of
   '("foo///")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "bar") "baz")
     (setvar! "PWD" "/")
-    (expand-word "*///")))
+    (expand-qword "*///")))
 
 (test-equal "Paths with dot nodes get expanded"
   '("./foo/./bar")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "bar"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/")
-    (expand-word "./foo/./*")))
+    (expand-qword "./foo/./*")))
 
 (test-equal "Paths with dot-dot nodes get expanded"
   '("../foo/../foo/bar")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "bar"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/foo")
-    (expand-word "../*/../*/*")))
+    (expand-qword "../*/../*/*")))
 
 (test-equal "Patterns matching dot-dot get expanded"
   '("../foo")
   (with-mocked-files '("" ("foo" "bar"))
     (setvar! "PWD" "/foo")
-    (expand-word ".*/f*")))
+    (expand-qword ".*/f*")))
 
 
 ;;; Field splitting (IFS)
@@ -579,49 +308,49 @@ variable @var{PWD} will be restored when leaving the extent of
   '("foo" "bar")
   (with-variables '(("IFS" . "-"))
     (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '("foo-bar")))))
+      (expand-qword '("foo-bar")))))
 
 (test-equal "Combines multiple whitespace separators"
   '("foo" "bar")
   (with-variables '(("IFS" . " "))
     (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '("foo  bar")))))
+      (expand-qword '("foo  bar")))))
 
 (test-equal "Keeps multiple non-whitespace separators"
   '("foo" "" "bar")
   (with-variables '(("IFS" . "-"))
     (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '("foo--bar")))))
+      (expand-qword '("foo--bar")))))
 
 (test-equal "Combines whitespace separators with a non-whitespace separator"
   '("foo" "bar")
   (with-variables '(("IFS" . "- "))
     (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '("foo - bar")))))
+      (expand-qword '("foo - bar")))))
 
 (test-equal "Keeps multiple non-whitespace separators with whitespace"
   '("foo" "" "bar")
   (with-variables '(("IFS" . "- "))
     (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '("foo - - bar")))))
+      (expand-qword '("foo - - bar")))))
 
 (test-equal "Splits on leading non-whitespace separator"
   '("" "foo")
   (with-variables '(("IFS" . "-"))
     (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '("-foo")))))
+      (expand-qword '("-foo")))))
 
 (test-equal "Does not split on trailing non-whitespace separator"
   '("foo")
   (with-variables '(("IFS" . "-"))
     (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '("foo-")))))
+      (expand-qword '("foo-")))))
 
 (test-equal "Makes one field for single non-whitespace separator"
   '("")
   (with-variables '(("IFS" . "-"))
     (lambda ()
-      (expand-word '("-")))))
+      (expand-qword '("-")))))
 
 (test-end)